This theme covers infrastructures that are the basic physical, technical and organizational structures, services and facilities needed to run scientific research for the protection of cultural heritage.  These range from large facilities such as synchrotron radiation, light or laser sources to mid-range and small-scale facilities such as IR, VIS/NIR, NMR, Dielectric, Terahertz and Raman spectroscopy. They also include facilities and infrastructures for:

• VIS, Fluorescence, NIR, Microscopy and Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging;
• X-Ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction;
• Laser induced fluorescence and Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy;
• 3D laser scanning b/w (small objects), 3D laser scanning b/w (large structures), 3D laser scanning colour, Profilometry, Atomic force microscopy, Laser Interferometry/ Holography;
• Optical Coherence Tomography;
• Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry
• Fluorescence LIDAR
• Thermal imaging, Ultrasound and radio imaging (of underground structures)
• Ground penetrating radar
• Microscopy
• NOx pollution monitor, SO2 pollution monitor, O3 pollution monitor, VOC pollution monitor
• T/RH/dust
• Material and chemical databases.